Sumber Konflik Perang Sipil Myanmar Pasca Kudeta Militer Tahun 2021

Annisa Febrianti Putri Indrasari; Taufik Muhammad Ramadhan; Prilla Marsingga

doi:10.15642/jiir.2023.8.2.98-114

Authors

Annisa Febrianti Putri Indrasari Universitas Singaperbangsa Karawang
Taufik Muhammad Ramadhan
Prilla Marsingga

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15642/jiir.2023.8.2.98-114

Keywords:

Conflict Resolution; Civil War; Conflict Analysis; Myanmar; Human Needs Model; Military Coup

Abstract

The research was intended to find out why the civil war in Myanmar was possible, by trying to identify the sources of the conflict of the post-military coup in 2021. Using a framework of human needs theories developed by John Burton as the chief analysis tool. The theory provides the framework for understanding conflict resolution and peace development by emphasizing the importance of governments to meet the basic needs of their individual citizens. When it comes to the theory of conflict resolution, research that uses a thorough approach to meeting aspects of human need remains rare. The study shows that the source of Myanmar's civil war conflict proved unable to be contained after a military campaign in 2021 caused by various factors, with the failure to meet the basic human need for continued peace and stability. Systematic violations of security, identity, recognition and participation by the military junta have intensified the cycle of conflict, suffering poverty and food among Myanmar's civilians. Meeting these basic human needs is essential to achieving continued peace and reconciliation in myanmar. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mencari tahu mengapa perang sipil di Myanmar bisa terjadi, dengan berusaha mengidentifikasi sumber-sumber konflik nya pasca-kudeta militer di tahun 2021. Dengan menggunakan kerangka teori-teori Kebutuhan Dasar Manusia (Human Needs Theory) yang dikembangkan oleh John Burton sebagai alat analisis utama. Teori tersebut memberikan kerangka kerja untuk memahami resolusi konflik dan pembangunan perdamaian dengan menekankan pentingnya pemerintah untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dasar individu warga nya. Jika berbicara mengenai teori resolusi konflik, penelitian yang menggunakan pendekatan menyeluruh pada pemenuhan aspek kebutuhan dasar manusia masih jarang dilakukan. Penelitian ini menunjukkan, sumber konflik Perang sipil Myanmar terbukti tak lagi bisa dibendung pasca kudeta militer pada tahun 2021 yang disebabkan oleh berbagai faktor, dengan tidak terpenuhinya kebutuhan dasar manusia yang mendasar untuk mencapai perdamaian dan stabilitas yang berkelanjutan. Pelanggaran sistematis terhadap keamanan, identitas, pengakuan, dan partisipasi oleh junta militer telah memperparah siklus konflik, penderitaan kemiskinan dan pangan di antara rakyat sipil Myanmar. Memenuhi kebutuhan dasar manusia ini merupakan hal yang sangat penting untuk mencapai perdamaian dan rekonsiliasi yang berkelanjutan di Myanmar

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