Ecology, Religion, and Environment: Sambori Indigenous Religion’s Perspectives towards Nature and Conservations.

Authors

  • Nurdin Universitas Gadjah Mada

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15642/sarpass.2022.2.1.1-12

Keywords:

Ecology, Religion, Environment, Indigenous Community, Sambori.

Abstract

This paper aimed to examine cosmological aspects in Sambori indigenous community perspectives towards nature and conservations in which the inter-subjective relational relationship between human being and non-human being becomes the primary resource to protect the environment and the surrounding area in Sambori indigenous community particularly with their respective sacred land, wellspring, and forest. This study employed a qualitative approach which the primary resources are literature studies and internet observations, the data were then descriptively and qualitatively described. This study found that the inter-subjective relational relationship between the Sambori indigenous people and non-human being lies on their daily lives and rituals, particularly related to their primary source of livelihood which relies on natural resources. They believed that their surrounding area has sacred sites where the Holy Being, locally known as Parafu and the other respected ancestral spirit resides. Therefore, they strongly believe that natural resources including land, water, forest, and so forth cannot be separated from their everyday life. They have unique way to understand and to engage with their natural resource. This perspective proposes mutual, ethical, and responsible commitment between human being and the other being. Some spiritual ceremonies are performed such as Pamali Manggodo and Balaleha Music Art as a means to engage, interact and connect to the Holy beings to ask for help, safety, and peaceful life, as well as to refuse reinforcements, particularly for their agricultural activities.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Asad, T. (1993). Genealogies of Religion: Discipline and Reasons of Power in Christianity and Islam, Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.

Bird-david, N, (1999). "“Animism” revisited: personhood, environment, and relational epistemology." Current Anthropology 40, S67-S91.

Davidson, J. S., & Henley, D. (2007). "Adat Revivalism in Western Flores: Culture, Religion, and Land." In J. S. Davidson & David Henley (Eds.), The Revival of Tradition in Indonesian Politics: The Deployment of Adat from Colonialism to Indigenism (pp. 247–275). New York: Routledge.

Durkheim, E. (1912). The Elementary Forms of The Religions, London: George Allen & Unwin Ltd. E-book.

Eriksen, T. H. (2009). Antropologi Sosial dan Budaya; Sebuah Pengantar (Social and Cultural Anthropology; An Introduction), Maumere: Ledalero.

Fowler, C. T. (2003). "The Ecological Implications of Ancestral Religion and Reciprocal Exchange in A Sacred Forest in Karendi (Sumba, Indonesia)." Worldviews, 7(3), 303–330.

Geertz, C. (1976). The Religion of Java, Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Hamzah, Saidin, et al, (2017), Kondisi Dana Mbojo (Bima) Pra Islam dalam Tinjauan Historis (The Face of Pre-Islamic Period of Dana Mbojo/Bima in Historical Review), Jurnal Diskursus Islam Volume 05 Nomor 1, April 2017

Henley, D., & Davidson, J. S. (2007). "Introduction: Radical Conservatism-the Protean Politics of Adat." In J. S. Davidson & D. Henley (Eds.), The Revival of Tradition in Indonesian Politics (pp. 1–50). New York and London: Routledge.

Hefner, R. W. (1990). Hindu Javanese: Tengger Tradition and Islam, Princeton: Princeton University Press.

Junaidin, et al, (2019). Land resource management of Sambori indigenous community area viewed from Ethnoecological aspects, Eco. Env. & Cons. 25 (4) : pp. 1618-1625.

Maarif, S. (2012). Dimensions of Religious Practice: The Ammatoans of Sulawesi, Indonesia. (Unpublished Ph.D Dissertation). Arizona State University.

Maarif, S. (2017). Pasang Surut Rekognisi Agama Leluhur dalam Politik Agama di Indonesia. Yogyakarta: CRCS UGM.

Maarif, S (2019). Indigenous Religion Paradigm: Re-interpreting Religious Practices of Indigenous People, Tulips University of Sukuba Repository, http://doi.org/10.15068/00155157.

Masuzawa, T. (2005). The Invention of World Religions: or, How European Universalism was Preserved in the Language of Pluralism. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Nurhasanah, N. (2016). Masyarakat Tradisional Sambori Kecamatan Lambitu Kabupaten Bima (Traditional Community Sambori Lambitu District, Bima Regency), JUPE J. Pendidik Mandala. 1(1) : 242–248.

Nurnazmi, et al, (2020), Menguak Misteri Ritual Sesajen (Toho Dore) Pada Suku Mbojo Di Bima (Unraveling the Mystery of the Ritual of Offerings (Toho Dore) to the Mbojo Tribe in Bima), Sosiologi Reflektif, Volume 15, No. 1, Oktober 2020.

Picard, M. (2011b). "Introduction: “agama”, “adat”, and Pancasila." In The Politics of Religion in Indonesia: Syncretism, Orthodoxy, and Religious Contentions in Java and Bali. New York: Routledge.

Rachman, N. F. (2011). The Resurgence of Land Reform Policy and Agrarian Movements in Indonesia (Unpublised Ph.D Dissertation). University of California, Berkeley.

Ricklefs, M.C. (2012). Islamization and Its Opponents in Java: A Political, Social, Cultural and Religious History, PU: University of Hawaii Press.

Rijal, S, (2016). Pengetahuan Lokal Pemanfaatan Satuan Lingkungan Oleh Masyarakat Desa Sambori Kabupaten Bima Nusa Tenggara Barat (Local Knowledge for the Utilization of Environmental Units by the Community of Sambori Village, Bima Regency, West Nusa Tenggara). (PhD Thesis), University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Malang.

Ropi, I. (2017). Religion and Regulation in Indonesia, Singapore: Palgrave Macmillan.

Sager, S. (2008). The Sky is Our Roof, the Earth is our Floor: Orang Rimba Customs and Religion in the Bukit Duabelas Region of Jambi, Sumatra. The Australian National University.

Simarmata, R., & Steni, B. (2017). Masyarakat Hukum Adat Sebagai Subjek Hukum: Kecakapan Hukum Masyarakat Adat dalam Lapangan Hukum Privat dan Publik (Indigenous Law Communities as Legal Subjects: Legal Skills of Indigenous Peoples in the Private and Public Law), Bogor: The Samdhana Institute.

Smith, W. C. (1962). The Meaning and the End of the Religion, London: Mentor Books.

Suhadi, Suhadi. (2016), Protecting the Sacred: An Analysis of Local Perspectives on Holy Site Protection in Four Areas in Indonesia, CRCS (Center for Religious and Cross Cultural Studies) Universitas Gadjah Mada Yogyakarta.

Tyson, A. D. (2010). Decentralization and Adat Revivalism in Indonesia, New York: Routledge.

Zitukawa, Mikirou and York, Michael (2008). Expanding Religious Studies: The Obsolences of the Sacred/Secular Framework for Pagan, Earthen, and Indigenous Religion, The Pomegranate 10.2, p. 256-277. Doi: 10.1558/pome.v10i2.256

Internet Sources

Dinas Pariwisata Kabupaten Bima, (2020), Desa Sambori, Retrieved from: http://dinaspariwisata.bimakab.go.id/

Fahririzki, (2020). Artifisial Parafu Hingga Hikayat Sang Bima, Retrieved from: http://www.mbojoklopedia.com/2020/08/artifisial-parafu-hingga-hikayat-sang.html

Fahririzki, (2015). Mengenal Agama Asli Suku Mbojo, Retrieved from: http://www.mbojoklopedia.com/2015/11/mengenal-agama-asli-suku-mbojo.html

Malingi, Alan, (2012), Syair Kehidupan Lereng Lambitu (Lambitu Slope Life Poem), Retrieved from: https://alanmalingi.wordpress.com/2012/05/23/syair-kehidupan-lereng-lambitu/

PDAM Tirta Benteng (2018). Kearifan Lokal Melestarikan Sumber Mata Air Bersih, Retrieved from: http://www.pdamtirtabenteng.co.id/berita/kearifan-lokal-melestarikan-sumber-mata-air-bersih

Downloads

Published

2022-12-19

How to Cite

Nurdin. (2022). Ecology, Religion, and Environment: Sambori Indigenous Religion’s Perspectives towards Nature and Conservations. The Sunan Ampel Review of Political and Social Sciences, 2(1), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.15642/sarpass.2022.2.1.1-12