KEBIJAKAN ARAB SAUDI DALAM MERESPON PERANG HARGA MINYAK TERHADAP RUSIA PADA TAHUN 2020
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15642/siyar.2022.2.1.1-27Keywords:
Arab Saudi, Kebijakan Luar Negeri, OPEC , Perang Harga Minyak, RusiaAbstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perumusan kebijakan luar negeri Arab Saudi dalam merespon perang harga minyak terhadap Rusia pada tahun 2020, implementasi kebijakan tersebut serta dampak yang ditimbulkan. Peneliti menggunakan metode penelitian pendekatan kualitatif dengan jenis penelitian eksplanatif serta menggunakan data yang didapat dari wawancara, studi kepustakaan, dan penelusuran berbasis internet. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori kebijakan luar negeri yang digagas oleh Marijke breuning. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perumusan kebijakan peningkatan produksi minyak serta pemangkasan harga minyak yang dilakukan Arab Saudi didasarkan atas beberapa alasan, yakni personalitas Pangeran Mohammed bin Salman sebagai Putra Mahkota, pemerintah yang mengendalikan Saudi Aramco, gagalnya kesepakatan OPEC karena penolakan Rusia, peningkatan produksi minyak oleh Rusia pasca gagalnya kesepakatan OPEC serta perekonomian yang terdampak pandemi COVID-19. Implementasi dari kebijakan tersebut adalah Arab Saudi melakukan peningkatan produksi minyak sebesar 13 juta barel per hari serta pemangkasan harga minyak sebesar US$ 6-8 per barel. Sedangkan dampak dari kebijakan tersebut adalah pasokan minyak menjadi berlebih hingga kehabisan tanki penyimpanan minyak, harga minyak merosot tajam, pendapatan Saudi menurun, penggunaan cadangan devisa besar-besaran, terdapat perubahan kebijakan fiskal saat pandemi COVID-19, pengangguran meningkat, hingga hubungan Arab Saudi dengan Rusia yang tidak harmonis saat perang harga minyak terjadi.Downloads
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