Dampu Awang Legends and Its Contemporary Perception of Indonesian (Javanese) Muslim Against Chinese
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15642/jiir.2019.4.1.49-71Keywords:
Dampu Awang Legends, Streotipe of Chinese, Islam, JavaneseAbstract
Dampu Awang is a legendary figure who is always mentioned in various legends about Cheng Ho/Zheng He on Java. By looking at these legends in the current context, this article re-reads the figure of a legend who was always attached to this figure of Cheng Ho as a reflection of the stereotypical perception of Javanese people towards the Chinese in relation to Islam and Java (Indonesia). An image that existed long ago until now, namely as a creature full of paradox and ambiguity: from being admired and respected to being hated and reviled. This article was closed with a reflection of the relations between China, Islam and Java during the Post Reformation which represented Cheng Ho as the carrier of peaceful Islam.Downloads
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References
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———. “The Imprint of Zheng He and Chinese Muslims in Indonesia’s Past.” In Zheng He and the Afro-Asian World, edited by Sally K. Church, 171–186. English edition. Melaka, Malaysia: Melaka Museums Corporation (PERZIM) and International Zheng He Society, 2012.
———. “The Tao of Islam: Cheng Ho and the Legacy of Chinese Muslims in Pre-Modern Java.” Studia Islamika 16, no. 1 (2009): 28.
Alfauzi, Agus. “PERAN TIONGHOA MUSLIM DALAM ISLAMISASI DI JAWA PADA ABAD KE XV-XVI MASEHI” (August 2, 2017). Accessed June 20, 2019. http://repository.unej.ac.id/handle/123456789/80630.
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anonym. “Kisah Gus Dur Menemukan Makam Syeikh Abdullah Qutbuddin Penyebar Islam Di Pulau Jawa.” MusliModerat, December 23, 2018. Accessed June 28, 2019. http://www.muslimoderat.net/2018/12/kisah-gus- dur-menemukan-makam-syeikh.html.
Atabik, Ahmad. “Harmonisasi Kerukunan Antar Etnis dan Penganut Agama di Lasem.” FIKRAH 4, no. 1 (June 30, 2016): 36–49. Accessed June 21, 2019. http://journal.stainkudus.ac.id/index.php/fikrah/article/view/1511.
Aziz, Munawir. Lasem kota Tiongkok kecil: interaksi Tionghoa, Arab, dan Jawa dalam silang budaya pesisiran, 2014.
Bagir, Zainal Abidin. “Islam Dan Demokrasi Indonesia Setelah Pilkada DKI.” Program Studi Agama Dan Lintas Budaya Sekolah Pascasarjana, April 30, 2017. Accessed June 21, 2019. https://crcs.ugm.ac.id/id/artikel/10782/islam- dan-demokrasi-indonesia-setelah-pilkada-dki.html.
Basuki, Novi. “Adakah Peran Cheng Ho Dan Cina Dalam Islamisasi Nusantara?” Historia - Majalah Sejarah Populer Pertama di Indonesia, August 2, 2018. Accessed June 20, 2019. https://historia.id/agama/articles/adakah-peran- cheng-ho-dan-cina-dalam-islamisasi-nusantara-6lJeA.
———. “Apa Agama Cheng Ho?” Historia - Majalah Sejarah Populer Pertama di Indonesia, November 16, 2017. Accessed June 20, 2019. https://historia.id/agama/articles/apa-agama-cheng-ho-vXWpm.
Carey, Peter. Orang Cina, Bandar Tol, Candu Dan Perang Jawa: Perubahan Persepsi Tentang Cina (1755-1825) = Changing Javanese Perceptions of the Chinese Communities in Central Java, 1755-1825, 2015.
Dahana, Abdullah, and Nusron Wahid, eds. Telapak Sejarah Sam Po Kong: Menelusuri Peran Tionghoa Dalam Penyebaran Islam Di Indonesia. Cet. 1. Jakarta: DPP Partai Golkar, Korbid Keagamaan bekerjasama dengan Harian Umum Suara Karya, 2005.
Danandjaja, James. Folklor Indonesia: ilmu gosip, dongeng, dan lain lain. Jakarta: Pustaka Utama Grafiti, 1991.
Falah, Ahmad. “SPIRITUALITAS MURIA: AKOMODASI TRADISI DAN WISATA.” Walisongo: Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Keagamaan 20, no. 2 (December 15, 2012): 429–452. Accessed June 21, 2019. http://www.journal.walisongo.ac.id/index.php/walisongo/article/view/207.
Hadiz, Vedi R. Islamic Populism in Indonesia and the Middle East. Cambridge University Press, 2016.
Harsaputra, Indra. “Cheng Ho Mosque, a Symbol of Peace.” The Jakarta Post, 2013. Accessed March 28, 2019. https://www.thejakartapost.com/news/2013/07/28/cheng-ho-mosque-a-symbol-peace.html.
Huda, W. “Kisah Jatuhnya Sapu Tangan Dampo Awang.” ISKNEWS.COM, April 29, 2018. Accessed March 29, 2019. http://isknews.com/kisah-jatuhnya-sapu- tangan-dampo-awang/.
Ispranoto, Tri. “Tentang Petilasan Dampu Awang, Lokasi ‘Pertapaan’ Baru Mbah Fanani.” Detiknews, April 19, 2017. Accessed June 18, 2019. https://news.detik.com/berita/d-3478960/tentang-petilasan-dampu-awang- lokasi-pertapaan-baru-mbah-fanani.
Ju Lan, Thung. “Catatan Tentang Orang Cina Indonesia Dalam Politik Lokal.” Kyoto Review of Southeast Asia. Last modified December 11, 2009. Accessed June 21, 2019. https://kyotoreview.org/issue-11/catatan-tentang-orang-cina- indonesia-dalam-politik-lokal/.
Kelana, Irwan, and Syahruddin El-Fikri. “Sang Master Tarekat Syadziliyah (1).” Republika Online, May 13, 2014. Accessed June 28, 2019. https://republika.co.id/berita/dunia-islam/khazanah/14/05/13/n5igjq-sang- master-tarekat-syadziliyah-1.
Magos, Costas. “‘The Princess Is a Racist’. Combating Stereotypes through Teaching Folktales. An Action-Research Project with Young Children.” In Mapping the Broad Field of Multicultural and Intercultural Education
Worldwide: Towards the Development of a New Citizen, edited by Nektaria Palaiologou and Gunther Dietz. Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2012.
Ma-Huan. Ying-Yai Sheng-Lan: The Overall Survey of the Ocean’s Shores. Translated by J. V. G. Mills. Cambridge Eng.: Hakluyt Society, 1970. Manguin, Pierre-Yves. “The Merchant and the King: Political Myths of Southeast
Asian Coastal Polities.” Indonesia, no. 52 (1991): 41–54. Accessed June 21, 2019. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3351154.
Muhammad, Biren. “Sejarah Panjang Muslim Uighur dan Legenda Wong Fei Hung, Pembela Kaum Miskin.” swararakyat.com, December 22, 2018. Accessed June 27, 2019. https://swararakyat.com/sejarah-panjang-muslim- uighur-dan-legenda-wong-fei-hung-pembela-kaum-miskin/.
Nettle, Daniel. Personality: What Makes You the Way You Are. Oxford; New York: Oxford University Press, 2007.
Nurjanah. “Muslim Tionghoa Dalam Asimilasi Budaya Indonesia: Perspektif Sejarah Politik Keagamaan.” UIN Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta:, 2014. Accessed June 21, 2019. http://repository.uinjkt.ac.id/dspace/handle/123456789/38458.
Pamungkas, Arie Setyaningrum, and Gita Octaviani. “Aksi Bela Islam dan Ruang Publik Muslim: Dari Representasi Daring ke Komunitas Luring.” Jurnal Pemikiran Sosiologi 4, no. 2 (November 6, 2017): 65–87. Accessed June 21, 2019. https://journal.ugm.ac.id/jps/article/view/28581.
Prasetyo, Wiwid, and Nur Thairah Syamsuddin. Cheng Ho: Laksamana Muslim Dari Negara Tembok Besar. Selangor: Ar-Risalah Publisher, 2012.
Priyadi, Sita S. “Sita Blog: ‘NINA BOBO’: Legenda Dampo Awang Anak Durhaka Diceritakan Oleh Kak Sita S.Priyadi.” Sita Blog, August 4, 2013. Accessed June 28, 2019. http://pangarakan.blogspot.com/2013/08/legenda- dampo-awang-anak-durhaka_4.html.
Setiono, Benny G. Tionghoa dalam pusaran politik. Jakarta: TransMedia, 2008. Sholikin, Ahmad. “Islamic Political Movement in Indonesia After “Aksi Bela Islam Jilid I, II and III".” Madani Jurnal Politik dan Sosial Kemasyarakatan 10, no. 1 (February 14, 2018): 12–33. Accessed June 21, 2019. http://e- jurnal.unisda.ac.id/index.php/MADANI/article/view/373.
Sumandoyo, Arbi. “Jokowi dan Prabowo dalam Bingkai Hoaks Pilpres 2019.” tirto.id. Last modified April 15, 2019. Accessed June 21, 2019. https://tirto.id/jokowi-dan-prabowo-dalam-bingkai-hoaks-pilpres-2019-dl83.
Supriatma, Made. “‘Cina Baik-Baik’ vs ‘Cina Sok Jago’: Pancingan Rasisme Sang Jenderal.” IndoPROGRESS. Last modified March 17, 2016. Accessed June 21, 2019. https://indoprogress.com/2016/03/cina-baik-baik-vs-cina-sok- jago-pancingan-rasisme-sang-jenderal/.
Suryadinata, Leo. Admiral Zheng He and Southeast Asia, 2005.
———. “Zheng He, Semarang and the Islamization of Java: Between History and Legend.” In Admiral Zheng He and Southeast Asia, 72–93. ISEAS–Yusof Ishak Institute, 2005.
Ta Sen, Tan. Cheng Ho?: Penyebar Islam Dari China Ke Nusantara . Translated by Abdul Kadir. Jakarta: Kompas, 2010. Accessed June 20, 2019. https://opac.perpusnas.go.id/DetailOpac.aspx?id=466678.
Thaniago, Roy. “Mempertahankan & Merongrong Kekuasaan dengan Isu Anti- Cina.” tirto.id. Last modified December 31, 2016. Accessed June 21, 2019. https://tirto.id/mempertahankan-merongrong-kekuasaan-dengan-isu-anti-cina- cdqA.
Tong Hay, Kwa, and Chendra Ling Ling. “Hipotesa Seputar Dampo Awang , Sam Po = Dampo Awang??” Last modified July 9, 2012. Accessed March 28, 2019. http://web.budaya-tionghoa.net/index.php/item/2179-hipotesa-seputar- dampo-awang--sam-po-=-dampo-awang-.
Umam, Saiful. “‘Politik Islam’ Jepang.” In Ensiklopedi Tematis Dunia Islam: Asia Tenggara, edited by Azyumardi Azra, Bahtiar Effendy, and et.al., 5:401–410. Jakarta: Ichtiar Baru Van Hoeve, 2005.
Unjiya, M. Akrom. Lasem Negeri Dampoawang: Sejarah yang Terlupakan. Salma Idea, 2014.
Unknown. “REMBANG DAN LEGENDA DAMPU AWANG Dari Beberapa Versi.” Mitos Cerita Legenda, n.d. Accessed June 18, 2019. http://mitos- cerita-legenda.blogspot.com/2017/02/rembang-dan-legenda-dampu-awang- dari.html.
Wade, Geoff. “THE ZHENG HE VOYAGES: A REASSESSMENT.” Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society 78, no. 1 (288) (2005): 37–58. Accessed March 28, 2019. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41493537.
Weng Hew, Wai. “Cosmopolitan Islam and Inclusive Chineseness: Chinese-Style Mosques in Indonesia.” In Religious Pluralism, State and Society in Asia, edited by Chiara Formichi, 2013. Accessed June 20, 2019. https://www.taylorfrancis.com/.
Wirya, Bambang Iss. Langit Pecinan: merunut jalur alkulturasi Semarang-Lasem, 2018. “Awal Mula Pembangunan Masjid Cheng Ho Surabaya | Republika Online.” Accessed June 20, 2019. https://www.republika.co.id/berita/dunia- islam/islam-digest/16/09/23/ody67t313-awal-mula-pembangunan-masjid- cheng-ho-surabaya.
“Benarkah Gus Dur Keturunan Tan Kim Han?” Accessed June 14, 2019. http://www.gusdurian.net/id/article/opini/Benarkah-Gus-Dur-Keturunan-Tan- Kim-Han/.
“Sejak Ahok Menjabat Gubernur, Tensi Anti Cina Meningkat Di Daerah Ini.” Last modified May 11, 2016. Accessed June 21, 2019. http://www.voa- islam.com/read/politik-indonesia/2016/05/11/43980/sejak-ahok-menjabat- gubernurtensi-anti-cina-meningkat-di-daerah-ini/.
WISATA RELIGI GEREBEK KAMAR SYEKH DAMPU AWANG, 2019. Accessed June 28, 2019. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eniu2l6BX0U.
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2019-06-23
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Budiyanto, A., & Latifah. (2019). Dampu Awang Legends and Its Contemporary Perception of Indonesian (Javanese) Muslim Against Chinese. Journal of Integrative International Relations, 4(1), 49–71. https://doi.org/10.15642/jiir.2019.4.1.49-71
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